In real-life flows, you may need to pass cookies from the browser to the Karate HTTP client, so that you can simulate any flows needed after this step. Since replace auto-converts the result to a string, make sure you perform type conversion back to JSON (or XML) if applicable. The Maven tradition is to have non-Java source files in a separate src/test/resources folder structure - but we recommend that you keep them side-by-side with your *.java files. A Java API also exists for those who prefer to programmatically integrate Karates rich automation and data-assertion capabilities. To visually highlight an element in the browser, especially useful when working in the debugger. driver.getTitle() becomes driver.title. You use the listen keyword (with a timeout) to wait until that event occurs. the NOT operator e.g. But if you need to use values in the response headers - they will be in a variable named responseHeaders. In the case of the call of a JavaScript function, you can also pass a JSON array or a primitive (string, number, boolean) as the solitary argument, and the function implementation is expected to handle whatever is passed. If you want to use JUnit 4, use karate-junit4 instead of karate-junit5. By using this plugin, you agree to our privacy-policy. "c": 3 This is one reason why you may want to prefer a flat directory structure as explained above. A special case of embedded expressions can remove a JSON key (or XML element / attribute) if the expression evaluates to null. This is useful when you ship a JAR file containing re-usable features and JavaScript / Java code and want to default a few variables that teams can inherit from. It is worth pointing out that JSON is a first class citizen of the syntax such that you can express payload and expected data without having to use double-quotes and without having to enclose JSON field names in quotes. Some characters such as the hyphen - are not permitted in lenient JSON keys (because they are interpreted by the JS engine as a minus sign). The keywords def, set, match, request and eval take multi-line input as the last argument. Ideally you should return only pure JSON data (or a primitive string, number etc.). } """, * configure imageComparison = { onShowConfig, # don't embed the image comparison UI when the latest image is the same / similar to the baseline (e.g. deleted: false Karate is the only open-source tool to combine API test-automation, mocks, performance-testing and even UI automation into a single, unified framework. Emulating a device is supported natively only by type: chrome. You can even use a regular-expression so that instead of checking for equality, Karate will just validate that the actual value conforms to the expected pattern. Here is a good example in the demos: dynamic-params.feature, The single JSON argument needs to be in the form { field1: { read: 'file1.ext' }, field2: { read: 'file2.ext' } } where each nested JSON is in the form expected by multipart file. If you mix Karate into a Maven or Gradle project with many other dependendies, you may run into problems because of dependency conflicts. In the called feature, the argument can also be accessed using the built-in variable: called Karate scripts dont need to use any special keywords to return data and can behave like normal Karate tests in stand-alone mode if needed, the data return mechanism is safe, there is no danger of the called script over-writing any variables in the calling (or parent) script (unless you use, the need to explicitly unpack variables by name from the returned envelope keeps things readable and maintainable in the caller script, call re-usable functions that take complex data as an argument and return complex data that can be stored in a variable, JavaScript / JSON-style mutation of existing. Karate has great options for re-usability, so once the above JSON is saved as locators.json, you can do this in a common.feature: This looks deceptively simple, but what happens is very interesting. None of the examples in the documentation use the $varName form on the LHS, and this is the recommended best-practice. This can be done via the maven-surefire-plugin configuration. """, # karate's unified data handling means that even 'match' works, # which means that checking if a cookie does NOT exist is a piece of cake, # check if the response status is either of two values, # this may be sufficient to check a range of values. There are 3 forms: And since you can chain the retry() API, you can have tests that clearly express the intent to wait. You need to call a method on the driver object directly: The example below has the width, height and userAgent for an iPhone X. API testing basics and Karate framework 2. And this call is using shared scope. """, # yaml from a file (the extension matters), and the data-type of 'bar' would be JSON, """ A typical need would be to perform a sign in, or create a fresh user as a pre-requisite for the scenarios being tested. { Karate is the open source tool to combine API test automation, mockery, performance testing and even UI automation into a single framework. For an example of how JavaScript looks like on the Karate side see Function Composition. This will also do automatically perform a karate.embed() - so that the image appears in the HTML report. You simply roll your own. Use this for multipart content items that dont have field-names. Here is how to replace one placeholder at a time: Karate makes it really easy to substitute multiple placeholders in a single, readable step as follows: Note how strings have to be enclosed in quotes. Karate supports the following functional-style operations via the JS API - karate.map(), karate.filter() and karate.forEach(). Since a scroll() + click() (or input()) is a common combination, you can chain these: This returns an instance of Mouse on which you can chain actions. This can be easily achieved with the following tweak to your maven section. The above would result in a URL like: http://myhost/mypath?someKey=hello&anotherKey=foo. If you are looking for ways to do something only once per feature or across all your tests, see Hooks. Also refer to this demo example for a working example of multipart file uploads: upload.feature. Given url https://www.kloia.com/ Here is a real-life example combined with the use of retry(): If you have more than two locators you need to wait for, use the single-argument-as-array form, like this: Returns an Element (instead of exists() which returns a boolean). When you use Karate, all your data assertions can be done in pure JSON and without needing a thick forest of companion Java objects. This example also shows how you can use a custom placeholder format instead of the default: Refer to this file for a detailed example: replace.feature. Sending a file as the entire binary request body is easy (note that multipart is different): The HTTP verb - get, post, put, delete, patch, options, head, connect, trace. } UI API Automation Tester. multipart file uploads can be tricky, and hard to get right. And yes, you can use variable expressions from karate-config.js. jbang is a great way for you to install and execute scripts that use Karates Java API on any machine with minimal setup. It is the opinion of the author of Karate that true BDD is un-necessary over-kill for API testing, and this is explained more in this answer on Stack Overflow. The mouse().move() method has two forms. The variable state after feature execution would be returned as a Map. "arr": [ In real-life scripts, you would typically also use this capability of Karate to configure headers where the specified JavaScript function uses the variables that result from a sign in to manipulate headers for all subsequent HTTP requests. You have to repeat the Examples section for each tag. The above example can be made more simpler with the use of call (or callonce) without a def-assignment to a variable, and is the recommended pattern for implementing re-usable authentication setup flows. Also look at the section on commonly needed utilities for more ideas. In fact it may be a good idea to slip doubles instead of integers into some of your tests ! Because Karate strips trailing slashes if part of a path parameter, if you want to append a forward-slash to the end of the URL in the final HTTP request - make sure that the last path is a single /. One workaround is to temporarily disable or rename your Maven settings.xml file, and try again. This is especially useful when you want to maintain passwords, secrets or even URL-s specific for your local dev environment. This is so that you can mix expressions into text replacements as shown below. Automation Testing, Karate. It so happens that the karate object has a field called properties which can read a Java system-property by name like this: karate.properties['myName']. If you have trouble with
